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Pre roman Iberians (as the general concept of the region not the tribes from the med coast) were basically Celtiberians, Iberians and vasconians and continental celts weren't destroyed but assimilated to the roman culture (see the term gallo roman as an example)
The main reason perhaps is that basques are somewhat isolated and being very similar to iron age iberians is easier to tell them apart, it doesn't mean that they aren't close to spaniards and portuguese either but their isolation is enough for that.